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Background and aims
Evidence for efficacy of brief alcohol interventions (BAIs) is mainly limited to primary care and at‐risk drinkers. The aim was to test the efficacy of a BAI addressing the full spectrum of alcohol use in a general population sample and across alcohol risk groups.
Design
Two‐parallel‐group randomized controlled trial (allocation ratio 1:1) with post‐baseline assessments at months...
Background and aims
Experience of alcohol‐induced memory blackouts in adolescence may be an important risk factor for later harms. This longitudinal study (i) modelled trajectories of alcohol‐related blackouts throughout adolescence, (ii) explored early‐adolescent predictors of blackout trajectories and (iii) examined the association between blackout trajectories and alcohol use disorder (AUD) symptoms...
Aims
To investigate whether the introduction of minimum unit pricing (MUP) in Scotland on 1 May 2018 was reflected in changes in the likelihood of alcohol‐related queries submitted to an internet search engine, and in particular whether there was any evidence of increased interest in purchasing of alcohol from outside Scotland.
Design
Observational study in which individual queries to the internet...
Background and Aims
In the United States, some states and localities have added vaping restrictions to established smoke‐free indoor air laws in order to reduce electronic cigarette use. Yet, if smokers use e‐cigarettes to quit, such restrictions could have the unintended effect of attenuating the original smoke‐free air policy’s effects on smoking. This study estimated changes in current smoking,...
Aim
To determine whether alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with increased dementia risk among older women veterans.
Design
Cohort study.
Setting
United States.
Participants
Women veterans with AUD aged ≥ 55 years (n = 2207), receiving care from Veterans Health Administration medical centers from October 2004 to September 2015 with one or more follow‐up visit and an age‐matched sample...
Background and Aims
There are concerns that national population‐based estimates of illicit drug use are underestimated. We investigated this by comparing estimates of illicit substance use at age 24 from the Crime Survey for England and Wales (CSEW) with a birth cohort (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, ALSPAC) and by comparing the Smoking and Alcohol Toolkit Studies (STS/ATS) to ALSPAC...
Background and aims
Extended‐release naltrexone (XR‐NTX) is an under‐used treatment option for opioid dependence, today only available in a few countries in the world. Although effective, safe and feasible in short‐term treatment, long‐term data are scarce and there is no recommendation for required treatment length. The aims of the study were to determine the perceived need of long‐term XR‐NTX treatment...
Background and Aims
A recent study found that homeless individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD) had a lower risk of relapse on extended‐release naltrexone (XR‐NTX) versus buprenorphine–naloxone (BUP‐NX), whereas non‐homeless individuals had a lower risk of relapse on BUP‐NX. This secondary study examined differences in mediation pathways to medication effect between homeless and non‐homeless participants...
Aims
To assess the effectiveness of training stop smoking services providers in Malaysia to deliver support for smoking cessation based on the UK National Centre for Smoking Cessation and Training (NCSCT) standard treatment programme compared with usual care.
Design
Two‐arm cluster‐randomized controlled effectiveness trial across 19 sites with follow‐up at 4‐week, 3‐month, and 6‐month.
Setting...
Background and aims
In Great Britain, cannabis and tobacco are commonly used substances, both independently and together. Use of either substance is associated with mental health problems, but prevalence of co‐use within these populations is unknown. We aimed to (1) estimate prevalence of cannabis use, frequency of use and routes of administration (ROA) among tobacco smokers and non‐smokers and (2)...
Background and aims
Research from cohorts of individuals with recreational cannabis use indicates that cannabis withdrawal symptoms are reported by more than 40% of those using regularly. Withdrawal symptoms are not well understood in those who use cannabis for medical purposes. Therefore, we prospectively examined the stability of withdrawal symptoms in individuals using cannabis to manage chronic...
Background and aim
To address the widespread severe problems with opioid use disorder, buprenorphine–naloxone treatment provided by primary care physicians has greatly expanded treatment access; however, treatment is often provided with minimal or no behavioral interventions. Whether or which behavioral interventions are feasible to implement in various settings and improve treatment outcomes has...
Background and aims
Lockdown measures aimed at limiting the number of infections and deaths from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) have introduced substantial psychosocial stressors in everyday life. We aimed to investigate the influence of the Dutch lockdown on cannabis use and cannabis use disorder (CUD) and investigate relations with change in mental wellbeing and experienced psychosocial...
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